About Mechanical Low Back Pain
Mechanical low back is so common that nearly all adults will experience an episode in their lifetime. Unfortunately, only a small percentage of the patients who experience symptoms of mechanical low back pain will ever receive a precise diagnosis, resulting in the third most expensive disorder for health care costs. Low back pain (LBP) occurs equally in men and women and usually affects people aged 30-50.
What is Mechanical Low Back Pain?
Mechanical implies the source of pain is in the spinal joints, discs, vertebrae or supporting muscles and ligaments. The symptoms are usually short-lived lasting for 2 to 3 weeks, although the pain can severely limit work or certain physical activities. Acute mechanical low back pain is known as lumbago, lumbosacral strain or lumbar syndrome.
Symptoms
Patients with lower back pain mainly have pain in the lower back area. Some people develop spasms, while others experience pain that radiates through the buttocks all the way to the knees. The symptoms are most obvious when lifting a heavy object or flexing the back muscles during physical activity.
Diagnosis
A complete history, thorough physical exam as well as imaging is necessary to determine the source of pain followed by an appropriate treatment plan. A neurological exam including range of motion along with as an assessment of motor functions, sensations and reflexes is important as well.
Treatment Options
- Bed rest for a period of up to 48 hours is essential for patients with severe pain and spasms.
- Medications like muscle relaxers or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are often prescribed for 3 or 4 days to relieve pain while decreasing muscle inflammation.
- Ice and heat packs alternated for 20 minutes each and applied three or four times a day is an effective treatment for relaxing the muscles and reducing inflammation.
- Physical therapy is usually the best solution for acute back pain rehabilitation. Active physical therapy shortens recovery time with an exercise program that can be done at home without the need for special gym equipment.