Bulk Mineral Supplements for Canines
Canines need daily bulk minerals to ensure good health. Calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium are considered bulk minerals because they are needed in large quantities. These minerals support bodily functions and are included in most commercial dog foods. Canines that are on diets consisting of homemade foods and do not receive their daily bulk minerals are at risk of having mineral deficiencies.
Calcium
As the most important of the bulk minerals, calcium helps maintain healthy bones and teeth. Calcium also aids blood clotting, helps the muscles contract and relax and aids the body’s absorption of vitamin B-12. Canines on a homemade diet should take in 900 mg of calcium carbonate per pound of food. Calcium is usually combined with phosphorus at a ratio of 1.2:1.
Phosphorus
Phosphorus functions with calcium to maintain the canine skeletal system. The calcium and phosphorus ratio needs careful attention in the diet of a dog fed homemade foods. Adult dogs need a ratio of 1.2 parts calcium to1 part phosphorus. Homemade meals that are heavy in fish or red meats do not need a phosphorus supplement, as the ingredients provide enough phosphorus.
Magnesium
Magnesium helps the body absorb vitamins C and E and maintains proper nerve and muscle function. Red meats, fish and dairy products are high in magnesium and should be included in homemade meals. Magnesium deficiency has been linked to hyperactivity, irritability and sleep disorders in dogs.
Potassium
Potassium allows the body to maintain its fluid balance and supports the functioning of muscles, nerves and hormones. A dog that is potassium deficient can suffer from muscle weakness, spasms, a rapid heartbeat and listlessness. Dogs fed homemade diets usually receive enough potassium from fish, poultry and red meat.
Combination Supplements
Given that it can be complicated to supplement a homemade diet with individual minerals, many veterinarians recommend a mineral combination that includes all the minerals your dog requires.