Kabuki Theater Definition
There are many theater and performance techniques that vary according to location and historical evolution. The English theater performances in which Shakespeare was involved vary in presentation from those of Japan, although they do share some similarities. Kabuki is the traditional Japanese theater.
Origin
The origin of Kabuki Theater is attributed to a performance that took place in 1603. The performer was a shrine dancer named Okuni. The performance was unique for the time in the way it combined the elements of folk and religious dance. The name Kabuki is derived from a combination of Japanese characters that translate into English as, "songs," "dance," and "skill."
Characteristics
Kabuki Theater is characterized by easily recognizable elements that are key to an engaging performance.
- Explosive use of color
- Dramatic makeup
- Elaborate costumes
- Energetic performances and entertainers
- Musical accompaniment
- Special effects, including audio and visual elements
- Complex set designs
- Intricate plot
- Entertainer/audience interaction
- Wooden clappers signaling the beginning and ending of the play
The combination of story, music, set, costuming and actor/audience relationship makes Kabuki an exciting theater experience.
Evolution
It was the lower classes of society that were originally attracted to Kabuki performances. As popularity grew and performances became more prevalent entertainers were able to hone their skills and perfect their craft. By the 18th century individuals from the higher levels of society began to frequent performances, increasing popularity. It is now one of the most famous forms of Japanese entertainment.
Historical Note:
In 17th Japan women were forbidden to perform in Kabuki Theater productions. A similar social standard was present in Shakespeare's English theater. Someone had to play the female parts; hence, the art of the Japanese female impersonator was born.