What is Composite Lumber?

Composite lumber, also called composite decking, is generally manufactured using wood fibers and plastics adhered with resins to form a plank.  Another type of composite lumber is forms from a mixture of wood shavings and sawdust particles to manufacture a board held together by adhesive. Plastic and wood composite lumber requires less maintenance and usually has a longer lifespan than natural wood.   

Composite lumber is created from polymers such as low or high-density polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and/or polypropylene.  The addition of flour consistency sawdust and additives stabilize the plastic and protect it from UV rays that discolor and damage the product.   Since composite decking is already finished- application of paints, stains and sealers are unnecessary.

The main reason composite lumber is low maintenance and weathers better than wood is that it does not swell or shrink due to moisture or direct sunlight.  Due to its composition, composite decking does not crack easily, warp, or separate due to changes of the season, weather, or freezing.  Many composite wood manufacturers use recycled plastics, papers and wood to manufacture the planks making this material a wonderful green alternative to deforestation.

New governmental regulations are driving up the prices of treated wood which now makes composite woods as competitively priced as run-of-the-mill wood plank varieties.  Construction companies are increasing their use of composite lumber because of its uniform texture making it as easy as wood to saw, cut, and nail.  Some varieties are made hollow to minimize weight and increase portability. 

An important consideration when purchasing composite decking is to avoid older phenol, urea, and melamine formaldehyde adhesive resins that give off dangerous formaldehyde fumes.  Consider purchasing polyurethane based resin adhesive boards that are safer and readily available.