How to Import Heavy Machinery

Heavy machinery imported into the United States must follow the requirements in one of the eight categories as defined by the United Stated Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Information can be found on the EPA website under “Importing Vehicles and Engines.” Certain off-road and stationary heavy machinery is exempt from certain requirements.

1. Choose the customs point of entry that is the most convenient place for you to pick up your heavy machinery. A list of ports is available on the U.S. Customs and Border Protection website.


2. Send the machinery in bond to the customs service at your chosen port. You will need to use Customs Bond Form 301, also available on U.S. Customs and Border Protection website.


3. Show the Customs agent the sales receipt, registration papers and the EPA engine certification. Sometimes an EPA exemption letter for heavy machinery that does not conform to U.S. Specifications is required.


4. Turn over the bill of lading to the Customs agent. The shipper or carrier you chose should have sent this to you.


5. Complete EPA form 3520-21 after you receive it from the Customs agent. Carefully read the form, it is important that the questions regarding your heavy machinery be answered correctly.


6. Complete Department of Transportation form HS-7 after you receive it from the Customs agent.  The form is required by the National Highway Transportation Safety Administration.


7. Pay the duty and taxes you owe to the Customs cashier. Duties can range from 2.5 percent of the purchase price for an automobile classification to 25 percent for a truck classification. To see other classifications, a formula is available on the U.S. Customs and Border Protection website under “Determining Duty.”


8. Pick up your heavy machinery from the inspection area. There should be a clearance document from Customs for the release of the machinery.