How a Chimney Damper Works

A chimney is heat production unit that transfers exhaust from inside to outside air. Chimneys can be made of brick, metal, and concrete. Some chimneys have a passageway called a flue. There may be more than one heating unit that is connected to a chimney; each heating unit has its own flue.

Dampers

All chimneys have a damper, which is used to close the chimney flue. When the fireplace is not being used the closed damper prevents heat from leaving through the chimney.  Traditional dampers are utilized with a lever or a knob. Hot air and exhaust from a fire rises and exits through a chimney. A chimney is also used to facilitate suction, which is known as the "chimney effect." If there is no fire a chimney will suck warm air out of a room. Dampers are designed to keep warm air in the room and save you money that would be spent on heating bills.

Types

Damper come in different styles made from different materials. Dampers are usually made from metal because it holds well in high temperatures. Eventually your metal can warp and create gaps in the damper where air can escape. Performing a regular maintenance on your chimney can prevent any damage. There is also a chimney damper made of a material that resembles a plastic pillow. The damper is inflated inside of the chimney and removed each time you start a fire. It is used to seal the passageway when your chimney is not in use.   

Chimney Caps

 A damper also keeps unwanted particles from falling down the chimney. A fireplace damper is installed at the bottom of the chimney, closer to the flames. Chimney caps are located at the top of the chimney.